The calculation method of 11 quantitative indexes of warehouse management that logistics personnel need to master

Forward a news from Jiuzhou Logistics Network 2022-09-26
Calculation formula of 11 warehousing quantitative indicators
1. Warehouse throughput=stock in quantity+stock out quantity+direct transfer quantity
2. Average monthly inventory=(inventory at the beginning of the month+inventory at the end of the month) ÷ 2
3. Annual average inventory=sum of monthly average inventory ÷ 12
4. Inventory turnover rate=(cost of goods sold ÷ average inventory balance) × 100% (how many times of turnover per year)
5. Receiving and transmitting accuracy=(throughput - total receiving and transmitting errors ÷ throughput) × 100%
6. Intactness rate of goods=(average inventory - total quantity of defective and deteriorated goods ÷ average inventory) × 100%
7. Consistency rate of accounts and materials=(total number of monthly accounts and materials - number of errors in monthly accounts and materials ÷ total number of monthly accounts and materials) × 100%
8. Out of stock rate of articles=(out of stock times ÷ user demand times) × 100%
9. Acceptance time=sum of acceptance days of each batch ÷ acceptance batch
10. Work volume coefficient=total loading and unloading operations ÷ quantity of inbound and outbound operations

11. Unit warehousing cost=sum of annual goods storage expense ÷ monthly average inventory

At present, several performance indicators in the field of warehousing and logistics are mentioned more and more frequently. This paper analyzes the KPI indicators such as warehouse area utilization rate, inventory turnover rate and inventory accuracy rate.
Warehouse area utilization rate, inventory turnover rate, inventory accuracy rate
In recent years, with the continuous development of logistics and supply chain management in China, several performance indicators (KPIs) in the field of warehousing logistics, such as warehouse area utilization, inventory turnover and inventory accuracy, have been mentioned more frequently. However, because the definitions of these indicators are not standardized, and the factors affected by the indicators are different in the actual operation process, ambiguity often occurs. Based on the experience in practical work, the author sorts out these indicators, hoping to be beneficial to the logistics managers or third-party logistics enterprises in the enterprise.
Utilization rate of warehouse area
When evaluating the performance of warehouse resource utilization, there are generally two indicators to be considered: warehouse area utilization rate and warehouse capacity utilization rate. Warehouse area utilization rate is the ratio of the available area of the warehouse to the total building area of the warehouse, and warehouse capacity utilization rate is the ratio of the actual quantity or volume of goods in stock to the quantity or volume that the warehouse should store.
The author believes that there are certain preconditions for these two indicators in actual operation. For example, two indicators can be compared and considered for specific inventory goods; However, for different goods in stock, the comparability between indicators is low due to the different storage and storage requirements of different goods (such as stack height limit, number of varieties and items). Therefore, when discussing the utilization rate of warehouse area and the utilization rate of warehouse capacity, we usually compare and consider them only for specific customers and specific goods.
The following two types of customers, without much emphasis on other detailed requirements of inventory management (such as the "five distance" requirement), compare the similarities and differences between the utilization rate of warehouse area and the utilization rate of warehouse capacity for flat warehouse and five shelf warehouse.
Customer 1: Single product variety, no batch number management and other storage requirements, pallet storage, pallet size of 1.2 meters × 1.0m × 1.5m and can be stacked on four layers.
Horizontal storage
Assuming that the rated area of the warehouse is 11000 square meters and the height is more than 6 meters, there is no need to leave a passage (goods can be shipped from the door). Under ideal conditions, and without considering the space caused by the time difference between in and out, the number of pallets that can be placed is 11000 ÷ (1.2 × 1.0) × 4=36666 torr.
Five floor balanced shelf warehouse
Taking a shelf warehouse with an area of 11000 square meters as an example, the number of pallets designed during shelf planning is certain, and the number of pallets that can be placed is 11000 pallets without considering the space generated by the time difference between in and out.
Generally, when the three-dimensional warehouse uses balanced shelves, under the premise of general pallet size, the ratio of the number of pallets to the square of the warehouse area is basically 80: 100, and the premise of achieving 100: 100 or higher is to reduce the area of the tally area as much as possible.
Customer 2: The product variety needs batch management (regardless of different varieties, only requires batch management in and out). The quantity of each batch is 2 pallets (pallet size is 1.2 meters × 1.0m × 1.5m), and the product stacking height is limited to 2 layers.
Horizontal storage
It is still assumed that the rated area of the warehouse is 11000 square meters and the height is more than 6 meters. As the designated batch number is used for shipment, the warehouse must reserve access to loading and unloading equipment such as forklifts or hydraulic carriers, so that the pallet commodities at the deepest part of the warehouse can be transported to the door; In order to meet the requirements of inventory management such as counting, a counting channel should be reserved between pallets.
According to the empirical model in practice, when the utilization of the flat storage area is most tight (the reserved access is blocked), the available effective storage area of 11000 square meters is generally not more than 30%, and the number of storage pallets is about 11000 × 30%÷(1.2 × 1.0) × 2=5500 torr.
The above data can be fully verified when dealing with specific foods or drugs that need batch management.
Five floor balanced shelf warehouse
Taking the above 11000 square meters three-dimensional warehouse as an example, the number of pallets on the shelf is fixed. The forklift channel in the warehouse can be used for random storage and loading to each pallet position. In addition, the forklift channel can be used as the inventory channel. Without considering the space caused by the difference in access time, the number of pallets that can be placed is still 11000 pallets.
Preliminary conclusions
1. For the storage attributes of different commodities, the utilization rate of the warehouse area of the flat warehouse changes greatly; However, the denominator of the warehouse capacity utilization ratio, "the quantity or volume that should be stored in the warehouse", also changes. Based on certain storage management experience, "the quantity or volume that should be stored in the warehouse" can give the rated quantity for a customer's commodity, and then calculate the warehouse capacity utilization ratio according to the actual situation;
2. After the shelf type warehouse is built, the inherent pallet location will not change. Therefore, the storage capacity of the warehouse will not change due to different commodity attributes, and the indicators of warehouse resource utilization will not change (regardless of the impact of commodity turnover characteristics on the utilization of the location).
3. It is emphasized that the resource utilization rate of the shelf type warehouse is higher than that of the flat warehouse, which should be given only for specific commodities. For some special storage requirements (such as single variety and large batch quantity), the resource utilization rate of the warehouse will decline.
4. When selecting the type of warehouse to handle specific commodities, the requirements for commodity storage management shall be fully considered, and appropriate and targeted warehouse forms and scientific and reasonable storage equipment shall be selected to maximize resource utilization and reduce investment risks.

Inventory turnover
Inventory turnover rate refers to the ratio between the sales (shipment) quantity and the average inventory quantity. It generally refers to the commodity turnover in a specific cycle, such as annual turnover times.
The inventory turnover cycle is the ratio of the average inventory quantity to the average daily shipment quantity. The shorter the inventory turnover cycle, the more commodity turnover times in a specific cycle, the more frequently the goods will come in and go out.
For manufacturing enterprises, inventory turnover rate is an indicator of the utilization efficiency of the same amount of capital. The faster the turnover is, the greater the sales revenue generated by the same inventory and the same capital. Inventory turnover rate is mainly evaluated and measured among the same industry, or compared among different cycles within the enterprise. There is also a negative correlation between inventory turnover and economic benefits due to the differences in market objective conditions, business strategies and management levels. At the same time, under certain management level, the turnover rate of finished products of manufacturing enterprises cannot be controlled by themselves due to the uncontrollability of market sales plans and internal production plans.
For third-party logistics enterprises that provide inventory management services to customers, as third-party logistics enterprises and manufacturing industry and other customers are contractual relationships of service cooperation, under the premise of different pricing methods and different operation modes, the inventory turnover rate of customer inventory will have a positive or negative correlation with the benefits of third-party logistics enterprises.
For example, the warehousing fee is priced at 2 yuan per square meter per day, including the requirements for warehousing and unloading operations. This is one of the main pricing methods at present. At this time, the third-party logistics enterprise provides a warehouse of a certain area, and its warehousing fee income is rated within a certain period. The higher the warehousing frequency, the higher the expenditure cost of the third-party logistics enterprise, and the corresponding profit margin will be reduced.
In addition, other pricing methods also have a certain impact on the revenue of third-party logistics enterprises. It can be seen that in the outsourcing mode of enterprise logistics management, selecting a reasonable pricing method will have a huge impact on the interests of both the supply and demand sides.
Inventory accuracy
In practice, inventory accuracy has many definitions. Due to the ambiguity of the understanding of warehouse management quality itself, many definitions are worth discussing.
The author believes that the formula that can reasonably reflect the inventory accuracy rate is:
1 - (Σ｜ Count quantity variance per SKU ｜)/Book quantity of inventory system × 100%。
Wherein, (Σ｜ Count Qty Variance Qty per SKU ｜) is a cumulative quantity, which is the absolute value of the difference between the physical count quantity of each commodity SKU stored in the warehouse and the book quantity of the inventory system in the current count; The book quantity of the inventory system is the sum of the book quantity of each commodity SKU system confirmed externally by the warehouse manager.
During the consideration of inventory accuracy, it is necessary to pay attention to the relationship between inventory accuracy and delivery accuracy (or receipt accuracy). Delivery accuracy refers to the performance of the warehouse manager in accurately handling external orders. Delivery errors do not necessarily affect the inventory accuracy rate, because the inventory accuracy rate is a time point concept. If the delivery errors are effectively corrected before the time point when the inventory accuracy is verified, the inventory accuracy rate will not be affected.
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